Historical Apoplexy · State Legislative Adaptations · Colorado
Colorado Food, Resource, and Commodity Assurance Act
A state legislative adaptation of the Historical Apoplexy framework
The Colorado Food, Resource, and Commodity Assurance Act is a state legislative adaptation of Imran Cooper's Historical Apoplexy framework — a five-division proposal establishing at-cost food and commodity distribution centers (modeled on the U.S. Defense Commissary Agency, operational since 1867 under 10 U.S.C. § 2484), a public-health-equity framework grounded in the Marmot/Sapolsky/Shively/Blackburn hierarchy-kills evidence, a K-20 developmental pipeline incorporating the Vitruvian Quotient assessment and structured-adversity protocol from Paper X (the Maturity Void), a structured public-service requirement, and general provisions. This is the benchmark proposal — originally drafted in 2016 through the Sassafras and Maple Research Foundation and adapted for every U.S. state plus a parallel United Kingdom version. Constitutional path: Citizen-initiative-capable.
SENATE/HOUSE BILL ____
BY __________ (Introduced by request)
CONCERNING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STATE PROGRAMS FOR FOOD AND COMMODITY ASSURANCE, PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE, AND EDUCATION MODERNIZATION TO ENSURE THE MATERIAL SECURITY, PHYSIOLOGICAL WELL-BEING, AND DEVELOPMENTAL MATURITY OF ALL COLORADO RESIDENTS, AND, IN CONNECTION THEREWITH, AMENDING TITLES 22, 23, 24, AND 35 OF THE COLORADO REVISED STATUTES, MAKING APPROPRIATIONS, AND PROVIDING EFFECTIVE DATES.
A BILL FOR AN ACT
LONG TITLE
AN ACT CONCERNING THE CREATION OF THE COLORADO FOOD, RESOURCE, AND COMMODITY ASSURANCE ACT, AND, IN CONNECTION THEREWITH, ESTABLISHING THE COLORADO FOOD ASSURANCE PROGRAM BY ADDING ARTICLE 32.5 TO TITLE 35 OF THE COLORADO REVISED STATUTES; CREATING THE COLORADO ESSENTIAL GOODS PROGRAM BY ADDING PART 4 TO ARTICLE 46 OF TITLE 24 OF THE COLORADO REVISED STATUTES; ESTABLISHING THE COLORADO PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE FINDINGS BY AMENDING ARTICLE 1 OF TITLE 25 OF THE COLORADO REVISED STATUTES; ENACTING THE COLORADO EDUCATION MODERNIZATION ACT BY AMENDING ARTICLE 33 OF TITLE 22, ADDING ARTICLE 10.7 TO TITLE 22, AND ADDING ARTICLE 21.5 TO TITLE 23 OF THE COLORADO REVISED STATUTES; ESTABLISHING THE COLORADO PUBLIC SERVICE AND RESOURCE LIBRARY PROGRAM BY ADDING PART 5 TO ARTICLE 46 OF TITLE 24 OF THE COLORADO REVISED STATUTES; MAKING APPROPRIATIONS; AND PROVIDING FOR EFFECTIVE DATES AND IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES.
LEGISLATIVE ROUTING NOTE
Colorado has a citizen ballot initiative process. Under Article V, Section 1 of the Colorado Constitution, citizens may propose legislation by petition. The signature requirement for statewide initiative petitions for 2023 through 2026 is 124,238 valid signatures (five percent of total votes cast for all candidates for the office of Secretary of State at the November 8, 2022 general election, which totaled 2,484,758) (Colorado Secretary of State, Initiative Signature Requirements).
FILING: An initiated statute is filed with the Colorado Secretary of State. Before circulation, proponents must submit a draft petition to the Title Board for review. The Title Board sets the ballot title and submission clause. This process is governed by Article V, Section 1 of the Colorado Constitution and Articles 40 and 41 of Title 1, C.R.S. (Colorado General Assembly, "How to File Initiatives").
Alternatively, this bill may be introduced through the General Assembly by any member of the Senate or House of Representatives.
COMMITTEE ASSIGNMENT: Upon introduction, this bill would likely be assigned to: - Senate Agriculture & Natural Resources Committee or House
Agriculture, Water & Natural Resources Committee (Division I)
- Senate Health & Human Services Committee or House Public &
Behavioral Health & Human Services Committee (Division II)
- Senate Education Committee or House Education Committee
(Division III)
Because the bill spans multiple committees' jurisdictions, it may be assigned to an Appropriations Committee or referred jointly.
FISCAL NOTE: The Legislative Council Staff and Office of State Planning and Budgeting prepare fiscal notes for all bills with budgetary impact per Joint Rule 26 of the Colorado General Assembly.
FLOOR VOTE: Simple majority in each chamber (18 of 35 Senators; 33 of 65 Representatives). Governor's signature or veto override (two-thirds of each chamber).
SESSION: The 75th General Assembly (2025-2026). Colorado legislative sessions convene on the second Wednesday of January and last no more than 120 calendar days unless extended by the Governor.
HISTORY: A version of this proposal was first developed in 2016 through the Sassafras and Maple Research Foundation (SMRF), the first non-partisan political trade school in the United States, registered with the Colorado Department of Higher Education, Division of Private Occupational Schools (DPOS). The original proposal was sidelined during the 2016-2017 legislative cycle. The present version incorporates updated research from the Historical Apoplexy series (Cooper, 2025-2026), a ten-paper academic work providing the evidentiary foundation for this legislation.
LEGISLATIVE DECLARATION
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Colorado:
SECTION 1. Legislative findings and declaration.
(1) The General Assembly hereby finds, determines, and declares
that:
FINDINGS RELATING TO THE STRUCTURAL IMPERATIVE FOR STATE
ACTION:
(a0) THE FEDERAL STRUCTURAL OVERLOAD. The United States
federal government is not failing through corruption but
through structural mismatch between its founding scale and
its current scale. Twenty-two federal government shutdowns
have occurred since 1976, including the 2025 shutdown of
forty-three days. The House of Representatives has been
frozen at 435 members since 1929, producing a representation
ratio of 762,000 constituents per representative — the worst
in the OECD. Senate cloture motions now exceed two thousand
per decade. The debt ceiling has been raised seventy-eight
times since 1960. Federal H.R. 1 (2025) shifted SNAP
administrative costs from fifty percent federal share to
twenty-five percent federal share, imposing new costs on
Colorado without corresponding increase in benefits. These
are structural failures, not partisan ones (Cooper, Paper
VII, 2026);
(a1) Colorado presented a version of this proposal to
members of the General Assembly in 2016 through the
Sassafras and Maple Research Foundation (SMRF), the first
non-partisan political trade school in the United States,
registered with the Colorado Department of Higher Education,
Division of Private Occupational Schools. The proposal was
sidelined. Ten years later, every metric it addressed has
worsened. The federal government has since imposed the SNAP
cost-shift this bill was designed to solve. The General
Assembly's authority to act has always existed. The urgency
is now measured in federal mandates the state cannot decline;
(a2) DENIAL IS NO LONGER NEUTRAL. The General Assembly
finds that inaction by a state legislature possessing the
constitutional authority, fiscal capacity, and documented
need to act constitutes active harm. The burden of
justification rests on denial, not on action;
FINDINGS RELATING TO FOOD AND COMMODITY INSECURITY:
(a) According to the United States Department of Agriculture
Economic Research Service, 13.5 percent of United States
households experienced food insecurity in 2023, and 5.1 percent
experienced very low food security. Applied to Colorado's
population of approximately 5.9 million, approximately 796,000
Coloradans lack consistent access to adequate food (Feeding
Colorado; Food Bank of the Rockies);
(b) Colorado's agricultural sector generates approximately
$8.95 billion in annual cash receipts from farm marketings (USDA
National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2024 Colorado
Agricultural Statistics Bulletin), demonstrating that the state's
productive capacity exceeds its population's food requirements.
Food insecurity in Colorado is a distribution problem, not a
production problem;
(c) The United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research
Service Food Dollar Series establishes that the farm share of the
United States food dollar is 24.3 cents, with the remaining 75.7
cents allocated to processing, transportation, wholesale, retail,
and food service markup. Total United States food-at-home spending
is approximately $1.09 trillion; production cost is approximately
$213 to $327 billion. The difference of approximately $496 billion
represents markup above production cost;
(d) The cost to close the food insecurity gap for all 47.9 million
food-insecure Americans is approximately $32 billion, which
represents 6.5 percent of the $496 billion markup between
production cost and retail price (Cooper, "The Mathematics of
Abundance," 2025);
(e) The United States military commissary system, established by
the Military Commissary Act of 1867 and now codified at 10 U.S.C.
Section 2484, has operated at-cost food distribution continuously
for one hundred fifty-seven (157) years, delivering savings of 17
to 44 percent below civilian retail prices to approximately 2.8
million authorized users. This program is funded by all federal
taxpayers but available only to military families and retirees,
establishing a proven precedent for government-operated at-cost
food distribution;
(f) The geographer Albrecht Penck calculated in 1925 that Earth's
carrying capacity was eight billion people using 1920s agricultural
technology. The current world population is approximately eight
billion. Since agricultural technology has advanced substantially
beyond 1920s capacity, scarcity of food is not a physical
constraint but a distribution and policy constraint (Penck, 1925;
Cohen, "How Many People Can the Earth Support?," 1995);
(g) The United States has approximately 293,000 manufacturing
facilities. Studies indicate that 10,000 to 15,000 facilities
would suffice for universal material abundance, representing 20
to 30 times overcapacity, with United States manufacturing
currently operating at approximately 77 percent capacity
utilization (Federal Reserve, Cooper, "The Mathematics of
Abundance," 2025);
(h) In 2024 alone, 7,325 retail grocery store locations closed
in the United States (Cooper, "Stolen Futures," 2025), while
54 million Americans live in food deserts. The commercial retail
grocery model is collapsing as a distribution system;
(i) The economist John Kenneth Galbraith described in "The
Affluent Society" (1958) the condition of "private opulence and
public squalor" — the coexistence of enormous private productive
capacity with inadequate public provision of basic needs. This
condition persists in Colorado, where the state's agricultural
and manufacturing output vastly exceeds its population's material
requirements;
(j) The economist Thorstein Veblen documented in "The Engineers
and the Price System" (1921) the deliberate restriction of
production capacity by business interests to maintain prices above
production cost, a practice he termed the "conscious withdrawal
of efficiency." The gap between Colorado's productive capacity
and its residents' material security reflects this structural
dynamic;
(j1) Augustus Caesar (63 BC – 14 AD) formalized the annona
civica — monthly grain distribution to approximately 200,000
Roman citizens — as civic infrastructure. Augustus was a
tyrant: the Second Triumvirate proscriptions listed roughly
three hundred senators and two thousand equestrians for
execution, and Suetonius records him ordering a knight stabbed
at a public assembly for taking notes. Yet the same man
understood that hungry citizens are broken infrastructure. The
annona operated for over four hundred years. Emperor Nerva
(96-98 AD) expanded the program with the alimenta — state-
funded child nutrition recorded on the Tabula Alimentaria from
Veleia (CIL XI 1147), a bronze inscription that still exists;
(j2) In September 2024, Nature Ecology & Evolution documented
a permanent settlement at 4,446 metres on the Tibetan Plateau
(Mabu Co) sustaining sedentary abundance for 800 years
beginning 4,400 years ago, using fishing hooks and
environmental knowledge. Approximately forty-nine million
years ago, the freshwater fern Azolla sequestered enough CO2
across the Arctic Ocean over 800,000 years to contribute to
Earth's hothouse-to-icehouse transition (Brinkhuis et al.,
Nature 441, 2006). Azolla fixes nitrogen, requires no soil,
doubles biomass every two to five days, and contains 15 to 30
percent protein — operationally relevant to Colorado
agriculture as a nitrogen-fixing feedstock;
(j3) The state therefore inherits three operational records
establishing at-cost distribution as sustainable civic
infrastructure: the commissary (157 years), the Roman annona
(400+ years), and the biological record across geologic time;
(j4) THIS IS NOT GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP OF THE MEANS OF
PRODUCTION. The government does not own farms, processing
plants, or trucks. Division I operates distribution centers
that contract with private Colorado agricultural producers at
production cost plus a five percent surcharge. The upstream
supply chain is entirely private. Currency survives for
luxury, custom, and specialty goods. The Defense Commissary
has operated this exact model since 1867 without acquiring a
single farm. The bill provides a floor. It does not replace
the market;
(j5) The retail collapse and autonomous freight are eliminating
distribution and retail jobs regardless of this act. Aurora
Innovation runs driverless freight on public roads today.
15,000-plus store closures are projected nationally for 2025.
The bill does not cause the displacement. The bill catches
displaced workers: Division I feeds them, Division II covers
their health, Division III provides the developmental pipeline
into whatever comes next. The commissary has truckers. At-cost
does not eliminate distribution labor. It eliminates the 75.7
percent markup on top of distribution labor;
FINDINGS RELATING TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND HIERARCHY:
(k) Sir Michael Marmot's Whitehall Studies, commencing in 1967
and continuing to the present with 10,308 subjects, established
that among British civil servants with universal healthcare, full
employment, and no absolute poverty, the lowest employment grade
experienced three times the mortality rate of the highest grade.
Standard risk factors — smoking, cholesterol, blood pressure —
explained less than forty percent of the mortality gradient. The
hierarchy itself, independent of absolute material deprivation,
produces lethal health outcomes;
(l) Dr. Robert Sapolsky's thirty-year study of wild baboon
populations in the Serengeti demonstrated that subordinate social
position produces chronically elevated cortisol, atherosclerosis,
immune suppression, and cognitive impairment. When a tuberculosis
outbreak eliminated the most aggressive males from a troop,
hierarchy collapsed, and subordinates' cortisol levels normalized,
demonstrating that the health damage was caused by the hierarchy,
not by inherent individual biology (Sapolsky, "Why Zebras Don't
Get Ulcers," 1994; "Behave," 2017);
(m) Dr. Carol Shively's thirty-year study of female macaques at
Wake Forest University demonstrated that subordinate social status
directly causes visceral fat accumulation, atherosclerosis, and
coronary artery disease, with cingulate cortex serotonin
identified as the neurological nexus linking depression to
cardiovascular disease (Shively, 2009; 2014);
(n) Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn, recipient of the 2009 Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine, demonstrated that chronic psychological
stress shortens telomeres — the protective caps on chromosomal
DNA — accelerating cellular aging. Caregivers of chronically ill
children had measurably shorter telomeres proportional to years of
stress. Poverty and subordination age human beings at the
molecular level (Blackburn & Epel, "The Telomere Effect," 2017);
(o) These findings collectively establish that poverty and social
hierarchy are not merely economic conditions but medical conditions
with documented physiological pathways that produce measurable
morbidity and mortality. Food and commodity assurance programs
therefore constitute public health interventions with quantifiable
healthcare cost reduction potential;
FINDINGS RELATING TO EDUCATION AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT:
(p) Neuroscientific research establishes that the human prefrontal
cortex — responsible for judgment, impulse control, long-term
planning, and executive function — does not fully mature until
approximately age twenty-five (25). The current compulsory
education system in Colorado, which requires attendance only
through age seventeen (17) under C.R.S. Section 22-33-104,
terminates structured developmental support during seven (7) to
eight (8) years of critical neurological maturation;
(q) Erik Erikson's model of psychosocial development (1959)
identifies eight stages of human development, each requiring the
resolution of a core developmental crisis. The stages from birth
through age twenty-five encompass Trust vs. Mistrust (ages 0-1),
Autonomy vs. Shame (ages 1-3), Initiative vs. Guilt (ages 3-6),
Industry vs. Inferiority (ages 6-12), Identity vs. Role Confusion
(ages 12-18), and Intimacy vs. Isolation (ages 18-25). Failure to
provide structured developmental support through these stages
results in incomplete psychosocial maturation;
(r) Lev Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (1934) establishes
that learning occurs in the gap between what an individual can
accomplish independently and what the individual can accomplish
with structured guidance. This theoretical framework requires
calibrated challenge — neither too easy nor too difficult — as the
mechanism of cognitive growth, and provides the scientific basis
for structured learning trials as an assessment methodology;
(s) Robert Bjork's research on "desirable difficulties" (1994)
demonstrates that learning conditions that feel harder produce
superior retention and transfer of knowledge. Struggle is not a
side effect of learning but its mechanism, establishing the
scientific basis for structured challenge as a core pedagogical
method rather than passive attendance;
(t) Suniya Luthar's research on the culture of affluence (2003,
National Institutes of Health PMC1950124) demonstrates that
affluent children exhibit elevated rates of substance abuse,
anxiety, and depression compared to inner-city peers. The
mechanism is achievement pressure without genuine challenge,
isolation from consequence, and absence of meaningful struggle.
Material abundance without developmental infrastructure produces
pathology. Education reform is therefore a prerequisite — not a
supplement — to the food and commodity assurance programs
established in this act;
(u) Arnold van Gennep (1909) and Victor Turner (1969) documented
that virtually every human society creates structured ordeals for
adolescents — physical trials, endurance tests, isolation periods,
community service — as developmental infrastructure. Societies
that abandoned these structures did not produce freer human
beings; they produced developmentally incomplete ones;
(v) Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis demonstrated in "Schooling in
Capitalist America" (1976) that the education system reproduces
class structure. However, the appropriate diagnostic framework,
described in the Historical Apoplexy literature as the "targeting
error" (Cooper, Paper V, 2025), recognizes that teachers are not
responsible for society-wide stratification. The ocean is
stratified; the cup is not. Education reform must address the
structural conditions of the system, not blame individual
educators;
(w) Philip Jackson's "Life in Classrooms" (1968) identified the
"hidden curriculum" — crowds, evaluation, and power asymmetry —
as inherent features of institutional education at scale. Ivan
Illich's "Deschooling Society" (1971) critiqued the institutional
form of education. E.D. Hirsch's "Cultural Literacy" (1987)
established that core knowledge must reside in the individual's
own mind, not merely be accessible through external references,
as the prerequisite for democratic participation;
(x0) THE MEASURED COMPETENCY COLLAPSE. The OECD PIAAC 2023,
published December 2024, found twenty-eight percent of US
adults at the lowest literacy level (up from nineteen percent
in 2017), thirty-four percent at the lowest numeracy level,
and thirty-two percent at the lowest adaptive problem-solving
level — declining in nineteen of twenty-six OECD countries. A
minimal litmus test for basic secondary completion — two
sports, two languages, all twelfth-grade subjects, two
instruments — yields approximately one in six thousand seven
hundred American adults. That is not genius. It is the
standard a German Gymnasium certifies as ordinary graduation;
(x) ADAM SMITH AND THE DEMAND FOR WHOLE-HUMAN EDUCATION.
Adam Smith (1723-1790) wrote in "The Wealth of Nations"
(1776), Book V, Chapter I, Part III, Article II:
"The man whose whole life is spent in performing a few
simple operations, of which the effects are perhaps
always the same, or very nearly the same, has no
occasion to exert his understanding or to exercise his
invention in finding out expedients for removing
difficulties which never occur. He naturally loses,
therefore, the habit of such exertion, and generally
becomes as stupid and ignorant as it is possible for a
human creature to become."
His remedy was compulsory education funded by the state:
"The state derives no inconsiderable advantage from
their instruction. The more they are instructed the
less liable they are to the delusions of enthusiasm
and superstition, which, among ignorant nations,
frequently occasion the most dreadful disorders."
Smith did not argue that the human being should be divided
into a specialist incapable of thinking about anything else.
To cite Smith for markets while opposing the compulsory
education Smith argued those markets require is to invoke an
authority one has not read. The Vitruvian Quotient framework
is the scientific formalization of the whole-human
development Smith demanded;
(y) The Vitruvian Quotient framework (Cooper, 2025-2026) models
human intelligence as eight measurable domains mapped to
neurological substrates: Knowledge Quotient (KQ, temporal and
parietal cortices), Reasoning Quotient (RQ, prefrontal and
parietal cortices), Emotional Quotient (EQ, limbic system and
amygdala), Language Quotient (LQ, Broca's and Wernicke's areas),
Creative Quotient (CQ, default mode network), Social Quotient (SQ,
mirror neuron system and temporoparietal junction), Motor Quotient
(MQ, motor cortex and cerebellum), and Biological Quotient (BQ,
autonomic and hormonal regulation). VQ = KQ + RQ + EQ + LQ + CQ +
SQ + MQ + BQ. A twenty-five-year curriculum calibrated to develop
all eight quotients to full human maturity, scored without ceiling
via a compensatory framework where strength in one domain offsets
deficit in another, provides the scientific foundation for the
education modernization program established in this act;
(y1) THE MEYERHOFF PROOF. The Meyerhoff Scholars Program at
UMBC, established by Freeman Hrabowski in 1988, produces
nearly five times the rate of STEM doctoral pursuit among its
fourteen hundred-plus alumni as matched comparison groups.
Full scholarships, rigorous challenge, cohort cohesion,
intensive mentorship. Division III at the scale of a single
program. This act scales the demonstrated mechanism to
Colorado;
(z) Colorado's existing higher education infrastructure includes
the University of Colorado system (CU Boulder, CU Denver, CU
Colorado Springs, CU Anschutz Medical Campus), the Colorado State
University system (CSU Fort Collins, CSU Pueblo), Metropolitan
State University of Denver, and regional universities including
Western Colorado University, Adams State University, Fort Lewis
College, and Colorado Mesa University. The Colorado Community
College System (CCCS) comprises thirteen community colleges. The
state already subsidizes in-state tuition through the College
Opportunity Fund (COF) at $116 per credit hour per semester for
eligible undergraduate Colorado residents (CU Boulder, 2025-26
Tuition & Fees). Existing transfer infrastructure including
Guaranteed Transfer (GT) Pathways and Degrees with Designation
ensures that GT Pathways courses in which a student earns a C- or
higher are guaranteed to transfer to every public Colorado college
and university. These existing structures provide the foundation
for formalizing the connection between the K-12 system and
postsecondary education as a seamless developmental pipeline;
(aa) Colorado's total state budget for fiscal year 2025-26 is
approximately $43.9 billion, with a general fund of approximately
$18 billion (Colorado Sun; Chalkbeat, April 2025). Colorado
currently spends approximately $1.44 billion annually on SNAP
benefits distributed through commercial retailers, where 75.7
cents of every food dollar pays for markup rather than food
production. In-state undergraduate tuition at CU Boulder is
approximately $13,566 per year; at CSU Fort Collins approximately
$12,000 per year; at community colleges approximately $5,000 to
$6,000 per year (various institutional sources, 2025-26). Colorado
higher education general fund spending is approximately $1.4
billion per year (Chalkbeat, April 2025);
(bb) The Sassafras and Maple Research Foundation (SMRF), the first
non-partisan political trade school in the United States,
registered with the Colorado Department of Higher Education,
Division of Private Occupational Schools (DPOS), developed the
original version of this proposal for the State of Colorado in
2016. SMRF was founded by Imran Cooper with the express purpose
of training citizens in legislative drafting, policy analysis, and
democratic participation. The present legislation represents the
updated version of that 2016 proposal, incorporating research
from the Historical Apoplexy series (Cooper, 2025-2026).
(2) The General Assembly further finds that the programs
established in this act — food and commodity assurance, public
health intervention, and education modernization — are
interdependent components of a single policy framework. Material
abundance without developmental infrastructure produces the
affluence pathology documented by Luthar. Education without
material security cannot function because students cannot learn
while food-insecure. And neither program can achieve its purpose
without addressing the physiological damage that hierarchy and
poverty inflict on the human body. These three divisions must be
enacted together, and each is necessary for the others to succeed.
DIVISION I — COLORADO FOOD AND COMMODITY ASSURANCE ACT
SECTION 2. Article 32.5 of Title 35, Colorado Revised Statutes, is added to read:
ARTICLE 32.5 Colorado Food Assurance Program
35-32.5-101. Short title.
This article shall be known and may be cited as the "Colorado Food
Assurance Act."
35-32.5-102. Definitions.
As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) "At-cost pricing" means the price of a food product calculated
as the sum of the direct production cost paid to the producer or
supplier plus a facility surcharge not to exceed five percent (5%)
of the production cost, with no additional profit margin, markup,
or marketing cost applied.
(2) "Commissioner" means the commissioner of agriculture.
(3) "Department" means the Colorado Department of Agriculture.
(4) "Food assurance center" means a state-operated facility
established under this article for the purpose of distributing
food products to Colorado residents at at-cost pricing.
(5) "Facility surcharge" means a charge not to exceed five percent
(5%) of the production cost of a food product, applied to cover
the operational costs of a food assurance center, including but
not limited to facility maintenance, labor, utilities, and
transportation.
(6) "Production cost" means the cost of producing a food product
as determined by the department based on wholesale acquisition
price from producers, cooperatives, or the most proximate point
in the supply chain to the point of original production.
(7) "Resource library" means the distribution system established
under Division IV of this act in which goods are distributed
according to need and tiered by permanence.
35-32.5-103. Colorado food assurance program — creation — purpose.
(1) There is hereby created in the Department of Agriculture the
Colorado food assurance program.
(2) The purpose of the program is to establish state-operated food
distribution centers where all Colorado residents may purchase the
full range of grocery products at at-cost pricing, modeled on the
United States military commissary system as authorized by 10
U.S.C. Section 2484 and as operated by the Defense Commissary
Agency (DeCA) continuously since 1867.
(3) The program shall:
(a) Establish and operate food assurance centers throughout
the state of Colorado;
(b) Purchase food products directly from Colorado producers,
cooperatives, and wholesale suppliers at or near production
cost;
(c) Sell food products to Colorado residents at at-cost
pricing as defined in section 35-32.5-102;
(d) Prioritize procurement from Colorado farms and ranches
to the maximum extent practicable;
(e) Accept all forms of payment including but not limited to
cash, electronic benefit transfer (EBT), Supplemental
Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits, and Women,
Infants, and Children (WIC) vouchers;
(f) Operate without profit motive, with all revenue above
operational costs reinvested in program expansion.
35-32.5-104. Pilot food assurance centers — locations — timeline.
(1) Within two (2) years of the effective date of this article, the
department shall establish not fewer than five (5) pilot food
assurance centers in the following regions:
(a) Two (2) centers in the Denver metropolitan area;
(b) One (1) center in the Colorado Springs metropolitan area;
(c) One (1) center in the Northern Colorado region, including
but not limited to the Fort Collins-Loveland-Greeley corridor;
(d) One (1) center in the Western Slope region, including but
not limited to Grand Junction, Montrose, or Durango.
(2) Within five (5) years of the effective date of this article,
the department shall expand the program to not fewer than twenty
(20) food assurance centers statewide, with at least one center in
each congressional district and at least three (3) centers serving
rural communities as defined by the department.
(3) The department shall prioritize locations with the highest
rates of food insecurity, the greatest distances to existing
grocery retail, and the largest populations residing in food
deserts.
35-32.5-105. Colorado food assurance fund — creation.
(1) There is hereby created in the state treasury the Colorado
food assurance fund.
(2) The fund shall consist of:
(a) Moneys appropriated by the General Assembly;
(b) Revenue from facility surcharges collected by food
assurance centers;
(c) Grants, gifts, and donations from any source, public or
private;
(d) Any federal funds made available for food distribution
programs.
(3) Moneys in the fund are continuously appropriated to the
department for the purposes of this article.
(4) The department shall maintain separate accounting for each
food assurance center and shall publish annual financial reports
demonstrating the production cost, facility surcharge, and total
cost to consumers for each product category.
35-32.5-106. Colorado producer priority.
(1) The department shall establish procurement protocols that
prioritize Colorado-produced food products. Not less than fifty
percent (50%) of the total wholesale acquisition value of food
products purchased by food assurance centers shall be from Colorado
producers in the first three (3) years, increasing to not less
than sixty-five percent (65%) by the fifth year.
(2) The department shall establish guaranteed purchase contracts
with Colorado farms, ranches, and cooperatives to provide stable
revenue for Colorado agricultural producers and to reduce producer
dependence on commodity market price volatility.
35-32.5-107. Reporting.
(1) The department shall submit an annual report to the General
Assembly by January 31 of each year, beginning the second year
after the effective date of this article, containing:
(a) The number and locations of food assurance centers in
operation;
(b) Total sales volume and number of customers served;
(c) Average savings per customer compared to commercial retail
pricing;
(d) Percentage of procurement from Colorado producers;
(e) Operational costs and surcharge revenue;
(f) Progress toward self-sufficiency through surcharge revenue;
(g) Impact on SNAP benefit utilization rates in served areas.
SECTION 3. Part 4 of Article 46 of Title 24, Colorado Revised Statutes, is added to read:
PART 4 COLORADO ESSENTIAL GOODS PROGRAM
24-46-401. Short title.
This part shall be known and may be cited as the "Colorado
Essential Goods Act."
24-46-402. Definitions.
As used in this part, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) "Below-retail pricing" means a price calculated as the
production cost plus a surcharge not to exceed ten percent (10%)
of the production cost.
(2) "Essential goods" means basic consumer products necessary for
daily life, including but not limited to:
(a) Clothing and footwear;
(b) Household cleaning and maintenance supplies;
(c) Personal hygiene products;
(d) School and educational supplies;
(e) Basic home furnishings;
(f) Basic tools and hardware.
(3) "Office" means the Colorado Office of Economic Development
and International Trade.
24-46-403. Colorado essential goods program — creation — purpose.
(1) There is hereby created in the Office of Economic Development
and International Trade the Colorado essential goods program.
(2) The purpose of the program is to create procurement contracts
with Colorado manufacturers to produce and distribute essential
goods at below-retail pricing through food assurance centers
established under article 32.5 of title 35 and through dedicated
distribution points established under this part.
(3) The program shall:
(a) Identify essential goods categories suitable for Colorado
manufacturing;
(b) Establish guaranteed purchase contracts with Colorado
manufacturers to produce essential goods at production cost;
(c) Distribute essential goods at below-retail pricing through
food assurance centers and through dedicated distribution
points;
(d) Stimulate Colorado's advanced manufacturing sector through
guaranteed demand contracts;
(e) Transition essential goods toward distribution through the
resource library system established under Division IV of this
act as the resource library becomes operational.
(4) The United States has approximately 293,000 manufacturing
facilities, of which 10,000 to 15,000 would suffice for universal
material abundance. Colorado's advanced manufacturing sector has
the capacity to meet the state's essential goods requirements
through targeted procurement (Cooper, "The Mathematics of
Abundance," 2025; Federal Reserve capacity utilization data).
24-46-404. Distribution model — tiered by permanence.
(1) The distribution of essential goods shall follow the resource
library model described by Jacque Fresco (2007) and formalized in
Division IV of this act, in which goods are distributed according
to need and tiered by permanence:
(a) Constant-need goods, including food and consumable
supplies, shall be distributed on a recurring basis through
food assurance centers;
(b) Semi-permanent goods, including clothing and household
supplies, shall be distributed on a need-based schedule with
reasonable limits to prevent hoarding;
(c) Permanent goods, including durable home furnishings,
tools, and appliances, shall be distributed on a one-per-
household basis through the resource library system;
(d) Currency shall survive for luxury, custom, and specialty
goods not covered by the essential goods program.
24-46-405. Reporting.
(1) The office shall submit an annual report to the General
Assembly by January 31 of each year, beginning the second year
after the effective date of this part, containing:
(a) Total procurement volume and value of contracts awarded
to Colorado manufacturers;
(b) Number and types of essential goods distributed;
(c) Average savings per consumer compared to commercial retail
pricing;
(d) Number of Colorado manufacturing jobs created or sustained
through program contracts;
(e) Progress toward integration with the resource library
system.
DIVISION II — COLORADO PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE ACT
SECTION 4. Article 1 of Title 25, Colorado Revised Statutes, is amended by adding Section 25-1-131 to read:
25-1-131. Food and commodity assurance as public health intervention — findings — duties.
(1) The General Assembly finds and declares that:
(a) The Whitehall Studies conducted by Sir Michael Marmot
(1967-present) establish that social hierarchy produces a
mortality gradient in which the lowest employment grade
experiences three (3) times the mortality rate of the highest
grade, even after controlling for traditional risk factors;
(b) Thirty years of primate research by Dr. Robert Sapolsky
demonstrates that subordinate social position produces
chronically elevated cortisol, atherosclerosis, immune
suppression, and cognitive impairment through documented
physiological pathways;
(c) Thirty years of primate research by Dr. Carol Shively
demonstrates that subordinate social status directly causes
coronary artery disease through visceral fat accumulation and
serotonergic neurological pathways;
(d) Nobel Prize-winning research by Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn
(2009) demonstrates that chronic psychological stress shortens
telomeres, accelerating cellular aging at the DNA level;
(e) These findings establish that poverty, food insecurity,
and social hierarchy are medical conditions with documented
physiological mechanisms that impose measurable healthcare
costs on the state of Colorado.
(2) The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
shall:
(a) Designate the food and commodity assurance programs
established under Division I of this act as public health
interventions;
(b) Conduct a baseline assessment of healthcare costs
attributable to food insecurity, poverty-related chronic
stress, and hierarchy-induced physiological damage in
Colorado within two (2) years of the effective date of this
section;
(c) Establish metrics for measuring the healthcare cost
reduction achieved by the food and commodity assurance
programs, including but not limited to reductions in
emergency department utilization for nutrition-related
conditions, reductions in chronic disease incidence in
program-served populations, and reductions in Medicaid
expenditures in program-served areas;
(d) Submit an annual report to the General Assembly on the
public health impact of the food and commodity assurance
programs, beginning the third year after the effective date
of this section.
(3) The department shall coordinate with the Department of
Agriculture and the Office of Economic Development and
International Trade to ensure that program design maximizes
public health outcomes.
DIVISION III — COLORADO EDUCATION MODERNIZATION ACT
This division is the largest and most important section of this act. Without education reform, the food and commodity assurance programs established in Divisions I and II will produce the affluence pathology documented by Luthar (2003): substance abuse, anxiety, and depression arising from material abundance without developmental infrastructure. The education system is the gate. Abundance fails without it.
SECTION 5. Article 33 of Title 22, Colorado Revised Statutes, is amended as follows:
22-33-104. Compulsory school attendance — extension through age twenty-five.
(1) CURRENT LAW AMENDED. Except as otherwise provided in
subsection (2) of this section, every child who has attained the
age of six years on or before August 1 of each year and is under
the age of TWENTY-FIVE (25) years is required to attend public
school for at least one thousand fifty-six (1,056) hours during
each school year, or an equivalent program of supervised education
as defined in this article.
(1.5) TRANSITION FROM SECONDARY TO POSTSECONDARY. For persons who
have attained the age of eighteen (18) years and have completed
secondary education requirements, the compulsory attendance
obligation under subsection (1) of this section shall be satisfied
by enrollment in:
(a) A Colorado public institution of higher education as
defined in section 23-1-102, C.R.S.;
(b) The Colorado Community College System as established in
article 60 of title 23, C.R.S.;
(c) A structured learning trial program as established in
section 22-10.7-105 of this title;
(d) A combination of enrollment in an institution described in
paragraph (a) or (b) and participation in a structured learning
trial program described in paragraph (c) of this subsection.
NOTE: The public service requirement established in section 24-46-501,
C.R.S., is primarily a post-pipeline obligation completed after age
twenty-five (25), adjunct with state university programs. It does not
satisfy the compulsory attendance obligation under this section except
in exceptional circumstances as provided in section 24-46-503.
(1.7) RATIONALE FOR EXTENSION. The extension of compulsory
education through age twenty-five (25) is based on the following:
(a) Neuroscientific evidence that the human prefrontal cortex,
responsible for judgment, impulse control, and long-term
planning, does not fully mature until approximately age
twenty-five;
(b) Erik Erikson's model of psychosocial development (1959),
which identifies the stage of Intimacy vs. Isolation (ages
18-25) as a critical developmental period that requires
structured support;
(c) The Vitruvian Quotient framework (Cooper, 2025-2026),
which maps eight developmental quotients to neurological
substrates across a twenty-five-year maturation arc;
(d) Anthropological evidence documented by van Gennep (1909)
and Turner (1969) that virtually every human society provides
structured developmental ordeals through early adulthood;
(e) Luthar's research (2003) demonstrating that abundance
without structured developmental challenge produces pathology;
(f) Adam Smith's advocacy (1776) for compulsory education to
prevent the cognitive degradation caused by division of labor.
(2) EXCLUSIONS. The provisions of subsection (1) shall not apply
to:
(a) A person who has completed the full K-20 program of
education through approximately age twenty-five as defined in
article 10.7 of this title. The public service requirement
established in section 24-46-501, C.R.S., is a separate
post-pipeline obligation and does not affect the compulsory
education requirement;
(b) A person who has been granted a hardship exemption by the
appropriate school district or institution of higher education
based on documented medical incapacity, as determined by the
department of education;
(c) A person who is serving in the active duty military of the
United States, which service shall be credited toward the
public service requirement;
(d) A person who has attained the age of eighteen (18) years
and who demonstrates to the satisfaction of the department of
education that the person is engaged in a structured program
of equivalent developmental rigor, as defined by rule.
SECTION 6. Article 10.7 of Title 22, Colorado Revised Statutes, is added to read:
ARTICLE 10.7 Colorado Education Modernization Program
22-10.7-101. Short title.
This article shall be known and may be cited as the "Colorado
Education Modernization Act."
22-10.7-102. Definitions.
As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) "Compensatory framework" means the assessment methodology in
which strength in one developmental domain may offset deficit in
another, as described in the Vitruvian Quotient model, such that
individuals are not penalized for domain-specific weakness when
overall developmental maturity is demonstrated.
(2) "Developmental quotient" means a measurable dimension of human
capability as defined by the Vitruvian Quotient framework: KQ
(Knowledge Quotient), RQ (Reasoning Quotient), EQ (Emotional
Quotient), LQ (Language Quotient), CQ (Creative Quotient), SQ
(Social Quotient), MQ (Motor Quotient), and BQ (Biological
Quotient).
(3) "K-20 pipeline" means the continuous, seamless educational
pathway from kindergarten through age twenty-five, integrating the
K-12 system, the Colorado Community College System, and Colorado
public institutions of higher education into a single
developmental framework.
(4) "Structured learning trial" means a calibrated developmental
challenge designed according to Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal
Development and Bjork's desirable difficulties framework, in which
the difficulty is set within the zone between what the student can
accomplish independently and what the student can accomplish with
guidance, and which serves as both an assessment tool and a
developmental intervention.
(5) "Vitruvian Quotient" or "VQ" means the composite measure of
human developmental maturity, calculated as VQ = KQ + RQ + EQ +
LQ + CQ + SQ + MQ + BQ, scored without ceiling via a compensatory
framework where strength in one domain offsets deficit in another.
22-10.7-103. Colorado K-20 education pipeline — creation — integration with higher education.
(1) CREATION. There is hereby created the Colorado K-20 education
pipeline, a continuous educational pathway from kindergarten
through age twenty-five (25), integrating the following systems
into a single developmental framework:
(a) The K-12 public education system as established in Title
22 of the Colorado Revised Statutes;
(b) The Colorado Community College System (CCCS) as
established in article 60 of Title 23, C.R.S., comprising
the thirteen (13) community colleges;
(c) The University of Colorado system, including CU Boulder,
CU Denver, CU Colorado Springs, and CU Anschutz Medical
Campus;
(d) The Colorado State University system, including CSU Fort
Collins and CSU Pueblo;
(e) Metropolitan State University of Denver;
(f) Regional universities, including but not limited to
Western Colorado University, Adams State University, Fort
Lewis College, and Colorado Mesa University;
(g) The Colorado School of Mines;
(h) Any other public institution of higher education
established under Title 23, C.R.S.
(2) SEAMLESS TRANSITION. Upon completion of secondary education
requirements, every Colorado resident shall be entitled to
continue education at a public institution of higher education
listed in subsection (1) of this section as a continuation of
compulsory education, not as a competitive application process.
(a) Admission to the K-20 pipeline at the postsecondary level
shall be automatic for all Colorado residents who have
completed secondary education requirements;
(b) Students shall be placed into the institution and program
most appropriate to their developmental trajectory, vocational
aptitude, and geographic circumstances, as determined by the
department of education in coordination with the Colorado
Department of Higher Education;
(c) The application process for public institutions of higher
education within the K-20 pipeline shall be replaced by a
placement process designed to match students with appropriate
institutions and programs.
(3) GENERAL EDUCATION THROUGH ASSOCIATE DEGREE AS BASELINE. The
minimum educational attainment within the K-20 pipeline shall be
completion of a general education program through the associate
degree level, as defined by the Guaranteed Transfer (GT) Pathways
curriculum and Degrees with Designation articulation agreements
established under Title 23, C.R.S.
(a) GT Pathways courses in which a student earns a C- or
higher shall continue to transfer and apply to GT Pathways
requirements at every public Colorado college and university;
(b) The associate degree — whether Associate of Arts (A.A.)
or Associate of Science (A.S.) — shall serve as the minimum
credential for completion of the academic component of the
K-20 pipeline;
(c) Students who demonstrate aptitude and interest may
continue through bachelor's degree and graduate programs
within the K-20 pipeline;
(d) Students who have completed the associate degree level may
satisfy remaining K-20 requirements through structured
learning trials and public service, as provided in this
article and in Division IV of this act.
(4) FORMALIZATION OF IN-STATE TUITION SUBSIDY. The state of
Colorado already subsidizes in-state tuition through the College
Opportunity Fund (COF) at the rate established by the General
Assembly. This section formalizes that subsidy as full public
education funding for all Colorado residents enrolled in the K-20
pipeline:
(a) Tuition for Colorado residents enrolled in the K-20
pipeline at public institutions of higher education listed in
subsection (1) of this section shall be fully funded by the
state of Colorado through the Colorado education
modernization fund established in section 22-10.7-109;
(b) The existing COF stipend shall be expanded and increased
to cover the full cost of in-state tuition and mandatory fees
at each institution;
(c) Room, board, and personal expenses shall not be covered
by this subsection, except that the department of education
shall establish a needs-based living stipend program for K-20
pipeline students whose family income is below two hundred
percent (200%) of the federal poverty level;
(d) This subsection shall apply only to Colorado residents who
are enrolled in the K-20 pipeline and who are in compliance
with the structured learning trial requirements established
in section 22-10.7-105.
22-10.7-104. VQ-aligned curriculum — developmental stages — Erikson mapping.
(1) The department of education, in coordination with the Colorado
Department of Higher Education, shall develop and implement a VQ-
aligned curriculum mapped to Erik Erikson's psychosocial
developmental stages and calibrated to develop all eight
developmental quotients across the full K-20 pipeline.
(2) The curriculum shall be structured as follows:
STAGE ONE: FOUNDATION (Ages 0-6, Pre-Kindergarten through First
Grade)
(a) Developmental focus: Trust vs. Mistrust (ages 0-1) and
Autonomy vs. Shame (ages 1-3) — corresponding to Biological
Quotient (BQ) and Motor Quotient (MQ) development;
(b) Initiative vs. Guilt (ages 3-6) — corresponding to
Creative Quotient (CQ) development;
(c) Curriculum emphasis: Sensory integration, motor skill
development, creative exploration, attachment security,
nature-based learning, unstructured play with calibrated
challenge;
(d) Assessment: Observational, developmental milestone
tracking, no standardized testing.
STAGE TWO: KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION (Ages 6-12, Elementary and
Middle School)
(a) Developmental focus: Industry vs. Inferiority —
corresponding to Knowledge Quotient (KQ) development;
(b) Curriculum emphasis: Core knowledge acquisition per the
Cultural Literacy framework (Hirsch, 1987). Reading, writing,
mathematics, history, science, geography, civics. The student
must carry foundational knowledge in their own mind, not
merely know how to access it externally;
(c) Introduction to all eight VQ domains through integrated
instruction: physical education (MQ), creative arts (CQ),
collaborative projects (SQ), emotional regulation exercises
(EQ), scientific reasoning (RQ), narrative and argumentation
(LQ), health and biology (BQ);
(d) Bloom's Taxonomy (1956) progression through knowledge,
comprehension, and application levels;
(e) Assessment: Structured learning trials at age-appropriate
difficulty, portfolio-based demonstration of knowledge
acquisition, no high-stakes standardized testing as sole
assessment mechanism.
STAGE THREE: IDENTITY FORMATION (Ages 12-18, Secondary Education)
(a) Developmental focus: Identity vs. Role Confusion —
corresponding to Emotional Quotient (EQ) and Social Quotient
(SQ) formation;
(b) Curriculum emphasis: Formal reasoning, ethical
argumentation, scientific methodology, historical analysis,
economic literacy, constitutional law, philosophy. The student
must be able to trace the intellectual lineage of ideas — to
understand not merely what is known, but who discovered it,
when, and through what methodology;
(c) Vocational exploration using Holland's RIASEC model (1959)
— Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising,
Conventional — to identify aptitude and interest;
(d) Structured learning trials begin in earnest: physical
challenge, competitive pressure, real consequence. Trials are
calibrated to Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development — not
simulated difficulty, but genuine developmental challenge with
authentic stakes;
(e) Bloom's Taxonomy progression through application,
analysis, and synthesis levels;
(f) Primary source engagement: Students read original texts,
not summaries. Plato's Republic, not a textbook about Plato.
Smith's Wealth of Nations, not a paragraph about Smith;
(g) Assessment: Structured learning trials, portfolio-based
demonstration, oral examination and defense, community-based
project completion. Standardized tests may be used as one
component of assessment but shall not constitute the sole or
primary assessment mechanism.
STAGE FOUR: INTEGRATION AND MASTERY (Ages 18-24, Postsecondary
Education and Structured Trials)
(a) Developmental focus: Intimacy vs. Isolation —
corresponding to Social Quotient (SQ) and Emotional Quotient
(EQ) consolidation, and Reasoning Quotient (RQ) maturation as
the prefrontal cortex approaches full development;
(b) Academic component: Enrollment in Colorado public
institutions of higher education through the K-20 pipeline.
Minimum attainment: associate degree through GT Pathways.
Students with aptitude continue through bachelor's and
graduate programs;
(c) Structured learning trial escalation: All eight VQ
quotients under load simultaneously. Trials combine physical
intensity, technical challenge, emotional regulation under
pressure, and social cooperation. The difficulty is calibrated
in real time to the student's Zone of Proximal Development;
(d) Cross-domain integration: The student must demonstrate
the ability to apply knowledge across domains — to use
scientific reasoning in ethical arguments, to use historical
knowledge in economic analysis, to maintain emotional
regulation while under physical and cognitive stress;
(e) Bloom's Taxonomy progression through synthesis and
evaluation levels;
(f) Intellectual lineage requirement: Every graduating student
must be able to trace the chain of discovery in their field
of study — to name the thinkers, cite the evidence, and
explain why the knowledge matters. The purpose of this
requirement is to inoculate against Historical Apoplexy: the
stroke-like loss of civilizational memory that occurs when
populations are severed from the Great Conversation (Cooper,
2025);
(g) Assessment: Structured learning trials of increasing
difficulty, capstone projects requiring cross-domain
integration, portfolio-based demonstration, community-based
applied research. Final assessment shall include an oral
defense before a panel of faculty and community members.
STAGE FIVE: LEADERSHIP AND TRANSITION (Age 25, Final Year)
(a) Developmental focus: Transition from student to citizen.
The final year is administration, not competition;
(b) Students in the final year oversee the structured
learning trials of younger cohorts. They design challenges.
They mentor. They learn responsibility for someone else's
development;
(c) Capstone reflection: The student produces a written and
oral account of their approximately twenty-grade developmental
journey, identifying the quotients in which they are strongest,
the areas requiring continued growth, and the contribution they
intend to make to their community;
(d) Upon completion of Stage Five, the student transitions to
the public service requirement established in Division IV of
this act. The typical pathway is two (2) to four (4) years of
approved public service adjunct with state university programs
post-age-twenty-five (25). High-performing students may
complete the educational pipeline earlier and enter public
service sooner; lower-performing students may require
additional developmental time. Variation in individual
timelines is expected and accommodated;
(e) Upon completion of both the K-20 education pipeline and
the public service requirement, the citizen is granted full
access to the resource library system established under
Division IV of this act.
22-10.7-105. Structured learning trials — framework — standards.
(1) CREATION. The department of education shall establish
structured learning trials as the primary assessment and
developmental framework within the K-20 pipeline.
(2) THEORETICAL BASIS. Structured learning trials are grounded in:
(a) Lev Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (1934): The
trial difficulty must be calibrated to the zone between what
the student can accomplish independently and what the student
can accomplish with guidance. Trials too easy produce no
growth; trials too difficult produce shutdown;
(b) Robert Bjork's desirable difficulties (1994): Learning
conditions that feel harder produce superior retention and
transfer. The struggle is not a side effect of the trial; it
is the mechanism of developmental growth;
(c) Arnold van Gennep's rites of passage (1909) and Victor
Turner's liminality framework (1969): Structured ordeals are
universal developmental infrastructure documented across
virtually every human society. The K-20 pipeline formalizes
this anthropological constant as educational policy;
(d) The Vitruvian Quotient framework (Cooper, 2025-2026):
Trials are designed to develop all eight quotients — not
merely the Knowledge Quotient (KQ) that dominates traditional
assessment.
(3) STRUCTURE. Structured learning trials shall:
(a) Increase in difficulty proportional to the student's age
and developmental stage;
(b) Combine physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and
creative demands in progressively more integrated challenges;
(c) At the secondary level (ages 12-18): Include physical
endurance, competitive problem-solving, team-based challenges,
emotional regulation under pressure, and public presentation
and defense;
(d) At the postsecondary level (ages 18-24): Escalate to
cross-domain integration challenges combining technical
mastery with physical intensity, ethical reasoning with
social cooperation, and creative problem-solving with
rigorous analysis;
(e) At the leadership level (age 25): Include the design and
administration of trials for younger cohorts, demonstrating
the capacity to develop others;
(f) Replace passive attendance as the primary measure of
educational progress. Seat time is not learning. Trial
completion is learning;
(g) Be scored using the compensatory framework: strength in
one developmental quotient may offset deficit in another, so
that individuals are assessed on overall developmental
maturity rather than narrow domain-specific performance.
(4) SAFETY AND OVERSIGHT. The department of education shall
establish safety standards and oversight procedures for structured
learning trials. All trials shall:
(a) Be supervised by trained faculty and staff;
(b) Include medical screening and clearance protocols for
physical components;
(c) Include psychological support and debriefing;
(d) Be designed to challenge without causing injury or
lasting harm;
(e) Be subject to annual review by an independent safety
board.
22-10.7-106. Intellectual lineage and Cultural Literacy standards.
(1) Every student completing the K-20 pipeline shall demonstrate
competency in the intellectual lineage of human knowledge,
specifically:
(a) The ability to identify the researchers, thinkers, and
practitioners who produced the knowledge in the student's
field of study;
(b) The ability to trace ideas to their primary sources and
to read and engage with those primary sources directly;
(c) The ability to explain the methodology by which knowledge
was produced, including experimental design, logical proof,
historical documentation, and philosophical argumentation;
(d) The ability to connect knowledge across domains, as
required by the VQ compensatory framework;
(e) Core Cultural Literacy as defined by Hirsch (1987): the
shared knowledge base necessary for informed democratic
participation, including but not limited to:
(I) The foundational texts of Western and non-Western
civilization;
(II) The constitutional and legal framework of the United
States and the state of Colorado;
(III) The scientific method and its major discoveries;
(IV) The economic principles underlying the food and
commodity assurance programs established in this act;
(V) The physiological evidence for the public health
findings established in Division II of this act;
(VI) The historical evidence for the mathematics of
abundance as established by Penck (1925), the USDA Food
Dollar Series, and the defense commissary operational
record.
(2) The purpose of the intellectual lineage requirement is to
prevent Historical Apoplexy — the stroke-like loss of
civilizational memory described by Cooper (2025) — by ensuring
that every graduating citizen understands not only what is known,
but who discovered it, when, why, and through what process. This
is the antidote to the condition in which societies forget that
the solutions to their problems were already calculated,
documented, and proven.
22-10.7-107. Targeting error protection — teacher accountability safeguard.
(1) The General Assembly recognizes, based on the research of
Bowles and Gintis (1976) and the targeting error analysis (Cooper,
Paper V, 2025), that teachers are not responsible for society-wide
stratification. The education system operates within structural
conditions that individual educators did not create and cannot
unilaterally change.
(2) Accordingly:
(a) No teacher, professor, or educational staff member shall
be held individually accountable for student outcomes that are
attributable to structural conditions outside the educator's
control, including but not limited to poverty, food
insecurity, housing instability, and family instability;
(b) The assessment of educational outcomes under the K-20
pipeline shall account for structural conditions using
contextual modifiers (XQ) as defined in the Vitruvian
Quotient framework;
(c) The department of education shall establish standards for
evaluating teacher effectiveness that distinguish between
pedagogical quality — which is within the educator's control —
and student outcomes attributable to structural conditions —
which are not.
22-10.7-108. Integration with existing education infrastructure.
(1) The K-20 pipeline shall build upon and integrate with the
following existing Colorado education infrastructure rather than
creating parallel systems:
(a) Guaranteed Transfer (GT) Pathways: The existing statewide
general education curriculum shall serve as the core academic
framework for the postsecondary component of the K-20
pipeline;
(b) Degrees with Designation: Existing statewide transfer
articulation agreements shall serve as the transfer mechanism
between community colleges and four-year universities within
the K-20 pipeline;
(c) College Opportunity Fund (COF): The existing tuition
stipend shall be expanded to cover full in-state tuition and
mandatory fees as provided in section 22-10.7-103;
(d) Colorado Community College System (CCCS): The thirteen
community colleges shall serve as the primary postsecondary
entry point for the K-20 pipeline, with automatic articulation
to four-year universities;
(e) Division of Private Occupational Schools (DPOS): Private
occupational schools regulated by DPOS may participate in the
K-20 pipeline as supplementary vocational training providers,
subject to VQ-alignment standards established by the
department of education;
(f) Colorado Department of Higher Education (CDHE): The CDHE
shall coordinate the integration of public institutions of
higher education into the K-20 pipeline and shall ensure
compliance with the VQ-aligned curriculum standards
established in this article.
22-10.7-109. Colorado education modernization fund — creation.
(1) There is hereby created in the state treasury the Colorado
education modernization fund.
(2) The fund shall consist of:
(a) Moneys appropriated by the General Assembly;
(b) Revenue from structured learning trial programs;
(c) Federal education grants and funding;
(d) Grants, gifts, and donations from any source, public or
private.
(3) Moneys in the fund are continuously appropriated to the
department of education for the purposes of this article and
article 21.5 of title 23, C.R.S.
SECTION 7. Article 21.5 of Title 23, Colorado Revised Statutes, is added to read:
ARTICLE 21.5 Integration of Public Institutions of Higher Education into the K-20 Education Pipeline
23-21.5-101. Legislative declaration.
(1) The General Assembly declares that the public institutions of
higher education in Colorado — including the University of
Colorado system, the Colorado State University system, Metropolitan
State University of Denver, the regional universities, the
Colorado School of Mines, and the Colorado Community College
System — are public institutions supported by public funds for
the purpose of educating Colorado residents.
(2) The General Assembly further declares that the existing
separation between the K-12 system and postsecondary education
creates an artificial barrier in the developmental pipeline that
is inconsistent with the neuroscientific evidence for continuous
development through age twenty-five and with the state's interest
in producing fully mature, capable citizens.
(3) The purpose of this article is to formalize the integration
of public institutions of higher education into the K-20
education pipeline established in article 10.7 of title 22,
C.R.S., without replacing the governance structures of existing
institutions.
23-21.5-102. Duties of public institutions of higher education.
(1) Each public institution of higher education in Colorado
shall:
(a) Participate in the K-20 education pipeline by providing
automatic admission to Colorado residents who have completed
secondary education requirements, subject to placement
protocols established by the Colorado Department of Higher
Education;
(b) Accept GT Pathways credits and Degrees with Designation
as provided in existing transfer agreements;
(c) Implement VQ-aligned curriculum standards in general
education courses, as established by the department of
education in coordination with the Colorado Department of
Higher Education;
(d) Establish structured learning trial programs within the
institution's academic and extracurricular framework;
(e) Participate in the intellectual lineage and Cultural
Literacy standards established in section 22-10.7-106, C.R.S.;
(f) Waive in-state tuition and mandatory fees for Colorado
residents enrolled in the K-20 pipeline, as funded by the
Colorado education modernization fund established in section
22-10.7-109, C.R.S.
(2) Nothing in this article shall be construed to:
(a) Eliminate or replace the governing boards of public
institutions of higher education;
(b) Eliminate competitive admission for programs with
specialized prerequisites, such as medical, engineering, and
graduate programs;
(c) Require institutions to admit students into specific
programs for which the student does not meet academic
prerequisites;
(d) Eliminate or reduce enrollment of out-of-state and
international students at public institutions of higher
education.
23-21.5-103. Colorado Department of Higher Education coordination.
(1) The Colorado Department of Higher Education shall:
(a) Coordinate the integration of public institutions of
higher education into the K-20 pipeline;
(b) Establish placement protocols for K-20 pipeline students
entering postsecondary education;
(c) Expand GT Pathways and Degrees with Designation agreements
as necessary to ensure seamless transfer within the K-20
pipeline;
(d) Establish VQ-aligned curriculum standards for general
education courses in coordination with the department of
education;
(e) Monitor compliance by public institutions of higher
education with the requirements of this article;
(f) Submit an annual report to the General Assembly on the
implementation and outcomes of the K-20 pipeline at the
postsecondary level.
DIVISION IV — COLORADO PUBLIC SERVICE AND RESOURCE LIBRARY
SECTION 8. Part 5 of Article 46 of Title 24, Colorado Revised Statutes, is added to read:
PART 5 COLORADO PUBLIC SERVICE AND RESOURCE LIBRARY PROGRAM
24-46-501. Short title.
This part shall be known and may be cited as the "Colorado Public
Service and Resource Library Act."
24-46-502. Definitions.
As used in this part, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) "Approved public service" means service in one or more of the
following:
(a) State or local government service, including but not
limited to infrastructure maintenance, public administration,
and emergency management;
(b) Emergency services, including but not limited to fire
departments, emergency medical services, and search and
rescue;
(c) Active duty military service in the armed forces of the
United States;
(d) Public education service, including but not limited to
teaching, tutoring, and mentoring within the K-20 pipeline;
(e) Agricultural production and food distribution service
within the food assurance program established in Division I
of this act;
(f) Manufacturing and production service within the essential
goods program established in Division I of this act;
(g) Community volunteer corps service as defined by rule;
(h) Any other service designated as approved public service by
the department of personnel and administration by rule.
(2) "Resource library" means the system for distributing goods
according to need and tiered by permanence, as described by Jacque
Fresco ("Designing the Future," 2007) and formalized in this part.
(3) "Resource library access" means the right of a qualifying
individual to obtain goods through the resource library system
without charge beyond the facility surcharges established in
Division I of this act.
24-46-503. Public service requirement.
(1) Every Colorado resident who has completed the K-20 education
pipeline through approximately age twenty-five (25), as established
in article 10.7 of title 22, C.R.S., shall complete not fewer than
two (2) and not more than four (4) years of approved public service,
as defined in section 24-46-502.
(2) TYPICAL PATHWAY. The standard pathway for public service is
post-age-twenty-five (25), adjunct with Colorado state university
programs. Public service shall be completed:
(a) Consecutively following completion of the K-20 education
pipeline, adjunct with state university affiliation, research,
or applied programs. This is the typical average pathway;
(b) High-performing students who complete the K-20 pipeline
ahead of the typical timeline may begin public service earlier;
(c) Lower-performing students who require additional
developmental time within the K-20 pipeline may begin public
service later than age twenty-five;
(d) In exceptional circumstances, public service may be
completed partially concurrent with the final stages of
postsecondary education within the K-20 pipeline, provided the
combined obligations total at least the equivalent of full-time
engagement.
(3) Active duty military service shall be credited year-for-year
toward the public service requirement.
(4) Peace Corps, AmeriCorps, and VISTA service shall be credited
year-for-year toward the public service requirement.
(5) The department of personnel and administration shall establish
by rule the criteria for determining satisfactory completion of
the public service requirement, including standards for adjunct
state university affiliation during the public service period.
24-46-504. Resource library — creation — distribution model.
(1) There is hereby created the Colorado resource library, a
system for distributing goods to qualifying Colorado residents
according to need and tiered by permanence.
(2) THE UNLOCK MECHANISM. Full access to the resource library is
granted upon satisfaction of both of the following conditions:
(a) Completion of the K-20 education pipeline through age
twenty-five (25), including the VQ-aligned curriculum and
structured learning trials established in article 10.7 of
title 22, C.R.S.; AND
(b) Completion of the public service requirement established
in section 24-46-503.
(3) DISTRIBUTION TIERS. The resource library shall distribute
goods according to the following tiers:
(a) CONSTANT-NEED GOODS (food, consumable supplies): Available
through the food assurance centers established in Division I
of this act. Distributed on a recurring basis. Access is
available to all Colorado residents through at-cost pricing
regardless of resource library qualification status;
(b) SEMI-PERMANENT GOODS (clothing, household supplies,
hygiene products, school supplies): Available through the
essential goods program established in Division I of this act
and through the resource library system. Distributed on a
need-based schedule. Subject to reasonable anti-hoarding limits
established by rule;
(c) PERMANENT GOODS (durable home furnishings, tools,
appliances, one home, one vehicle): Available through the
resource library system to qualifying individuals. Distributed
on a one-per-household basis for housing and one-per-
individual basis for other permanent goods. Subject to
maintenance and return obligations;
(d) CURRENCY TIER (luxury, custom, specialty goods):
Currency survives for goods not covered by the resource
library. The resource library does not eliminate the market
economy; it provides a floor of material security below which
no qualifying citizen falls.
(4) This model is based on the commissary model extended to all
Colorado residents who fund it, combined with the resource library
distribution framework described by Jacque Fresco. It is not
utopia. It is the military commissary model — which has operated
for 157 years — extended to the taxpayers who fund it, upon
completion of the developmental and service requirements that
demonstrate readiness for responsible resource stewardship.
24-46-505. Resource library fund — creation.
(1) There is hereby created in the state treasury the Colorado
resource library fund.
(2) The fund shall consist of:
(a) Moneys appropriated by the General Assembly;
(b) Revenue from food assurance center surcharges as the food
assurance program achieves self-sufficiency;
(c) Revenue from essential goods surcharges;
(d) Federal grants and funding;
(e) Grants, gifts, and donations from any source, public or
private.
(3) Moneys in the fund are continuously appropriated to the
department of personnel and administration for the purposes of
this part.
DIVISION V — GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 9. Appropriation.
(1) For the fiscal year 2027-28, the following sums are
appropriated from the general fund to the departments indicated:
(a) To the Department of Agriculture, for the Colorado food
assurance program established in section 35-32.5-103:
FIFTY MILLION DOLLARS ($50,000,000);
(b) To the Office of Economic Development and International
Trade, for the Colorado essential goods program established
in section 24-46-403:
TWENTY MILLION DOLLARS ($20,000,000);
(c) To the Colorado Department of Public Health and
Environment, for the public health assessment and monitoring
established in section 25-1-131:
FIVE MILLION DOLLARS ($5,000,000);
(d) To the Department of Education, for the Colorado education
modernization program established in article 10.7 of title 22:
ONE HUNDRED TWENTY MILLION DOLLARS ($120,000,000);
(e) To the Department of Personnel and Administration, for
the Colorado public service and resource library program
established in section 24-46-501 et seq.:
FIFTEEN MILLION DOLLARS ($15,000,000);
(f) TOTAL APPROPRIATION:
TWO HUNDRED TEN MILLION DOLLARS ($210,000,000).
(2) The total initial appropriation of $210,000,000 represents
approximately 0.45 percent of Colorado's $46.8 billion total
state budget for fiscal year 2026-27 (Colorado General Assembly,
April 2026; GF $17.4 billion within $46.8 billion total).
DIVISION I FOOD PROGRAM TARGET. The at-cost food assurance
program established in Division I, serving Colorado's population
of approximately 6.01 million residents (Census Bureau, January
2026 — Colorado exceeded 6 million for the first time), requires
approximately $3.66 billion per year at production cost ($609 per
person per year for a full baseline of 37 staple food items at 30
percent of cheapest retail price per USDA Food Dollar Series
methodology). This represents approximately 7.8 percent of the
total state budget. Colorado's per-capita total state spend of
approximately $7,787 per resident supports the full baseline.
The $210 million initial appropriation above is startup funding;
the full program scales over seven years. Verified April 18, 2026
via SearXNG.
(3) FISCAL CONTEXT AND PROJECTED SAVINGS:
(a) Colorado currently spends approximately $1.44 billion
annually on SNAP benefits distributed through commercial
retailers, where 75.7 cents of every food dollar pays for
markup rather than food production. At at-cost routing through
Division I, each of those dollars delivers 3.9 times the food;
(b) The food assurance program is designed to achieve self-
sufficiency through volume surcharges within seven (7) years;
(d) The education modernization program, by formalizing
existing in-state tuition subsidies and building on existing
infrastructure, avoids the creation of new institutional
bureaucracy and leverages existing COF, GT Pathways, and
Degrees with Designation infrastructure;
(e) Current Colorado higher education general fund spending is
approximately $1.4 billion per year. The education
modernization appropriation of $120 million increases this by
approximately 8.6 percent to fund the K-20 pipeline expansion
and structured learning trial infrastructure.
THE FEDERAL SNAP COST-SHIFT. Federal H.R. 1 (2025) increased
the state share of SNAP administrative costs from fifty percent
to seventy-five percent, effective October 1, 2026. This state
currently routes SNAP benefits through commercial retailers
where 75.7 cents of every food dollar pays for markup rather
than food. At at-cost routing through Division I, approximately
95 cents of every dollar reaches the recipient as food
(production cost plus five percent surcharge) — a 3.9-fold
increase in delivered food value per SNAP dollar that
independently offsets the federal cost-shift.
THE FISCAL LOCK. The argument that this state "cannot afford"
this Act is refuted by the state's existing expenditure on the
less efficient version of the same programs while absorbing a
federal SNAP cost-shift the state did not request. The fiscal
question is not whether to spend, but whether to continue
spending four times as much as required to accomplish the same
objective.
CONSTITUTIONAL EDUCATION OBLIGATION. Article IX Section 2
of the Colorado Constitution requires "a thorough and uniform
system of free public schools throughout the state." Lobato
v. People (2013) addressed school finance but did not fully
resolve the adequacy question. TABOR (Article X Section 20)
constrains revenue but does not constrain the constitutional
duty to educate. Division III completes the mandate within
existing revenue structure. Declining to enact Division III
preserves the gap.
SECTION 10. Severability.
If any provision of this act or the application thereof to any
person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity shall not
affect other provisions or applications of this act which can be
given effect without the invalid provision or application, and
to this end the provisions of this act are declared to be
severable.
SECTION 11. Safety clause.
The General Assembly hereby finds, determines, and declares that
this act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public
peace, health, and safety.
SECTION 12. Effective dates.
(1) Division I (Food and Commodity Assurance): This division
takes effect July 1, 2027. Pilot food assurance centers shall
be operational within two (2) years of the effective date.
(2) Division II (Public Health and Welfare): This division takes
effect July 1, 2027. Baseline health assessment shall be
completed within two (2) years of the effective date.
(3) Division III (Education Modernization): This division takes
effect as follows:
(a) The VQ-aligned curriculum standards for the K-12 system
shall be developed within two (2) years of the effective date
and implemented beginning with the 2029-30 school year;
(b) The extension of compulsory education through age twenty-
five (25) shall take effect beginning with students entering
ninth grade in the 2029-30 school year, phased in over seven
(7) academic years such that the first full cohort completing
the K-20 pipeline does so in the 2036-37 academic year;
(c) The integration of public institutions of higher education
into the K-20 pipeline under article 21.5 of title 23 shall
be phased in over four (4) academic years beginning with the
2029-30 school year;
(d) Full public funding of in-state tuition through the
expanded COF shall be phased in over three (3) fiscal years,
with one-third of full funding in the first year, two-thirds
in the second year, and full funding in the third year;
(e) Structured learning trial programs shall be piloted in
not fewer than ten (10) school districts and five (5) public
institutions of higher education within two (2) years of the
effective date, with statewide implementation within five (5)
years.
(4) Division IV (Public Service and Resource Library): This
division takes effect July 1, 2030. The public service requirement
shall apply to the first cohort of students completing the K-20
pipeline under Division III. The resource library distribution
system shall be piloted in not fewer than three (3) regions within
three (3) years of the effective date of this division, with
statewide implementation within seven (7) years.
SECTION 13. Repeal of conflicting provisions.
All acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act are hereby
repealed.
REFERENCES
The research and citations incorporated in this act include but are not limited to:
FOOD AND COMMODITY ASSURANCE: - Penck, Albrecht. Earth carrying capacity calculation (1925). - United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Food Dollar Series and Household Food Security reports. - Defense Commissary Agency (DeCA), operational since 1867, codified at 10 U.S.C. Section 2484. - Galbraith, John Kenneth. "The Affluent Society" (1958). - Veblen, Thorstein. "The Theory of the Leisure Class" (1899); "The Engineers and the Price System" (1921). - Fresco, Jacque. "Designing the Future" (2007). - Cooper, Imran. "The Mathematics of Abundance: Two Proofs That Scarcity Is a Policy Choice" (2025). - Cooper, Imran. "Stolen Futures: The Technical Inheritance We Were Denied" (2025). - USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2024 Colorado Agricultural Statistics Bulletin. - Federal Reserve Board, Capacity Utilization Data. - Feeding Colorado; Food Bank of the Rockies.
PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE: - Marmot, Michael. Whitehall Studies I and II (1967-present). "The Status Syndrome" (2004). "The Health Gap" (2015). WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health (2005-2008). - Sapolsky, Robert. "Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers" (1994). "Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst" (2017). - Shively, Carol. Social Stress, Visceral Obesity, and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis (2009). Stress, Depression, and Coronary Artery Disease (2014). - Blackburn, Elizabeth. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2009). "The Telomere Effect" (2017, with Epel).
EDUCATION AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: - Erikson, Erik. Psychosocial developmental stages (1959). - Vygotsky, Lev. Zone of Proximal Development (1934). - Bjork, Robert. Desirable difficulties (1994). - Luthar, Suniya. "The Culture of Affluence" (2003, NIH PMC1950124). - Van Gennep, Arnold. "The Rites of Passage" (1909). - Turner, Victor. "The Ritual Process" (1969). - Bowles, Samuel and Gintis, Herbert. "Schooling in Capitalist America" (1976). - Jackson, Philip. "Life in Classrooms" (1968). - Illich, Ivan. "Deschooling Society" (1971). - Hirsch, E.D. "Cultural Literacy" (1987). - Smith, Adam. "The Wealth of Nations" Book V (1776). - Bloom, Benjamin. "Taxonomy of Educational Objectives" (1956). - Gardner, Howard. "Frames of Mind" (1983). - Holland, John. RIASEC model (1959). - Goleman, Daniel. "Emotional Intelligence" (1995). - Bar-On, Reuven. Emotional Quotient Inventory (1997). - Cooper, Imran. "Historical Apoplexy" Papers I-VI (2025-2026). - Cooper, Imran. "The Vitruvian Quotient" (2025-2026). - Cooper, Imran. "The Targeting Error" Paper V (2025). - Cohen, Joel. "How Many People Can the Earth Support?" (1995).
COLORADO-SPECIFIC DATA: - Colorado Secretary of State, Initiative Signature Requirements (2023-2026). - Colorado General Assembly, "How to File Initiatives." - Colorado Revised Statutes, Titles 1, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 35. - Colorado Department of Agriculture. - Colorado Office of Economic Development and International Trade. - Colorado Department of Higher Education (CDHE). - Colorado Community College System (CCCS). - Colorado Division of Private Occupational Schools (DPOS). - Guaranteed Transfer (GT) Pathways, Degrees with Designation. - College Opportunity Fund (COF). - CU Boulder, CSU Fort Collins, Metropolitan State University of Denver — 2025-26 tuition and fee schedules. - Colorado state budget, fiscal year 2025-26 ($43.9 billion total; approximately $18 billion general fund). - Chalkbeat Colorado, April 2025 (budget and education spending). - Colorado Sun, April 2025 (budget passage). - Sassafras and Maple Research Foundation (SMRF), Colorado DPOS registration (2016).
END OF BILL
COLORADO FOOD, RESOURCE, AND COMMODITY ASSURANCE ACT
Prepared for the Seventy-Fifth General Assembly of the State of Colorado, Second Regular Session.
Originally proposed: 2016 (Sassafras and Maple Research Foundation) Updated: 2026 (Historical Apoplexy series, Cooper)
Filed by: _________________ [Sponsor/Proponent] Address: _________________ [Colorado address required] Date: ___________________
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